The problem of missing sensor node, communication link and data are inevitable in wireless sensor networks. A survey on fault detection and fault tolerance in. Wireless sensor networks wsn are useful for monitoring of physical conditions and passing the data gathered to the required location. Algorithms for faulttolerant topology in heterogeneous. Wsn nodes have less power, computation and communication compared to manet nodes.
Mihaela cardei, shuhui yang, and jie wu department of computer science and engineering florida atlantic university boca raton, fl 33431, usa email. Wireless sensor networks are employed to monitor physical areas in different places. For large scale sensor networks to be economically feasible, the individual nodes necessarily have to be lowend inexpensive devices. Selfmaintenance model for wireless sensor networks a fault management protocol for lowenergy and efficient wireless sensor networks a wireless sensor network for distributed fault management in power systems boss bridge of the sensors energy aware fault tolerant framework in wireless sensor network. Fault detection and recovery in wireless sensor network using. In order to make the presentation selfcontained, we start by providing a short summary of sensor networks and classical fault tolerance techniques. Pdf a survey of fault tolerance methods in wireless.
Fault tolerant clustering of wireless sensor networks gaurav gupta and mohamed younis dept. A survey on fault detection and fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks r. We seek to use fewer nodes to establish a network with fault tolerant function under the premise of multiple segments that are unable to communicate with each other. Our working definitions of metrics describing wsn fault tolerance are presented along with a summary of ongoing test results from our development lab. A selfmanaging fault management mechanism for wireless sensor. Introduction sensor networking and the methods for eciently innetwork processing the sensor readings have emerged as important permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for. Nodes in wsns are prone to be failure due to energy depletion, hardware failure, communication link errors, malicious attack, and so on. Wireless sensor networks have become a new information collection and monitoring solution for several applications. Fault tolerance, sensor networks, coverage, triangulation. An energyefficient and faulttolerant topology control. Demaine, ymohammadtaghi hajiaghayi,zdaniela rus abstractwe consider the problem of deploying or repairing a sensor network to guarantee a speci. This paper describes how the path fragments are rectifying during t he transmission time and how the energy are handled in wireless sensor.
Advances in intelligent systems and computing, vol 379. Hence, unlike traditional communication networks, the sensor network paradigm necessitates an event. Topics covered include redundancy in hardware, n modules redundancy nmr, and software. Also, fault tolerance is one of the most significant of many challenges in these networks.
Recently, virtualization in wireless sensor networks wsns has witnessed significant attention due to the growing service domain for internet of things iot. Index termsfaulttolerance, reliability, markov modeling, wireless sensor networks i. Abstractdistributed systems such as the internet and wireless sensor networks must provide a high degree of resilience against errors and attacks. While the need for endtoend reliability may not exist due to the sheer amount of correlated data ows, an event in the sensor eld needs to be tracked with a certain accuracy at the sink. A survey on fault tolerance techniques in wireless sensor. Jirapure, pce nagpur abstract wireless sensor networks wsns have the potential of significantly enhancing our ability to monitor and interact with our physical environment. Tech scholar, computer engineering and technology department, guru nanak dev university, punjab, india 2 asst prof, computer engineering and technology department, guru nanak dev university, punjab, india. Section 2 describes the wsn network model, discusses the problem led by node failure, and introduces the method used in the paper for fault. Fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks may be arrived through monitoring and analyzing node conditions which primarily requires finding the status of a node as whether the node is active or inactive. First of all, a fault is detected, and fault recovery techniques are carried out. In this paper, we study the coverage problem where the main objective is to construct two disjoint cover sets in randomly. Fault tolerant embedding for internet of things abstract.
Design of target coverage algorithms for a large scale wsns should incorporate both the energy efficiency and fault tolerance. Fault tolerant algorithmsprotocols in wireless sensor. In wireless sensor and actor networks wsan, fault tolerance is of prime importance where an unforeseen catastrophe should be accurately recognized by the communicating system. Introduction andmotivation wireless sensor networks wsns consist of spatially distributed autonomous sensor nodes that collaborate with each other to perform an application task. This paper reports a complete study on both 2 aspects and presents a fault tolerance approach using regressional learning with fault diagnosis in wireless sensor networks.
Fault tolerant algorithmsprotocols in wireless sensor networks. Index termswireless sensor networks, deployment, faulttolerance, energyef. Faulttolerant wireless sensor networks using evolutionary games. So in this study, the fault tolerant at different levels has been discussed and the solution to this problem achieve fault tolerance of cluster heads while routing and mobility management of mobile sensor nodes to reduce packet loss during data. In this paper, an algorithm is presented to withstand the challenges. Topics covered include redundancy in hardware, n modules redundancy nmr, and software including nversion programming and check pointing. Fault tolerance fault tolerance technique prevents lower level errors from propagating into system failures. In this paper we address fault tolerance concept in general, give analysis to the definition of fault tolerance and terms related to it based on the system requirements. In order to make the presentation selfcontained, we start by providing a short summary of sensor networks.
The ability of fault tolerance is a primary metric of good wireless sensor network. On fault tolerance, performance, and reliability for wireless and sensor networks submitted by chen xinyu for the degree of doctor of philosophy at the chinese university of hong kong abstract the emerging mobile wireless environment poses exciting challenges for distributed faulttolerant ft computing. We also cover fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks including connectivity and coverage and multipath. Fault tolerant systems can overcome faults and system failures, therefore increasing the mttf and system availability. Manets have high degree of mobility, while sensor networks are mostly stationary. Organisms in the community execute the routing and data transportation operations in the context of an evolutionary game. After that, we discuss the three phases of fault tolerance fault models, fault detection and identification and resiliency mechanisms at four levels of. A priori methods for fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we comprehensively consider the restoration cost, fault tolerance, network coverage and topology quality. One of the most important one is replication, which is wellsuited for sensor networks due to their inherent node redundancy. Fault tolerant routing is a critical task for sensor networks operating. Pdf wireless sensor networks wsns have wide variety of applications and provide limitless future potentials. Introduction sensor networking and the methods for eciently in network processing the sensor readings have emerged as important permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for. A survey on fault detection and fault tolerance in wireless.
Fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks using stiffed. Such devices are likely to exhibit unreliable behavior. One of the most important one is replication, which is wellsuited for sensor networks due to. Multiagent system for fault tolerance in wireless sensor. Fault tolerance and energy efficiency are main challenges of the networks. The problem of missing sensor node, communication link and data are inevitable in wireless. Fault tolerance in data gathering wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks are an example of large scale distributed computing systems where fault tolerance is important. Fault tolerance and energy efficient clustering algorithm. Pdf fault tolerance in zigbee wireless sensor networks. The failure of sensor node is either because of communication device failure, battery or the harsh environment where the sensor node.
The study aims to understand the various types of faults occur in a wireless sensor network wsn. Fault tolerance has been discussed in detail in the literature on distributed systems see, e. Algorithms for faulttolerant topology in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Fault tolerance of connectivity performance in cdmabased wireless sensor networks yungfa huang1, chingmu chen2, tsairrong chen2, jongshin chen1, and john sum3 1 graduate institute of network and communication engineering chaoyang university of technology, taichung county 449, taiwan, r. Pdf is the clustering coefficient a measure for fault. Pdf a survey on fault tolerance techniques in wireless. The main application of wireless sensor networks is monitoring, and the nodes of these networks are located usually in harsh environments. Depending on the level of desired fault tolerance, such problems can be categorized as. Some preliminary results about population dynamics and network operation are presented. They are usually deployed in harsh environments, where nodes are subjected to failures and the networks are easy to be partitioned into disjoint segments. Heck school of electrical and computer engineering, georgia institute of technology atlanta, ga 303320250 feouldahm,riley,bonnie. Faulttolerant algorithms for connectivity restoration in. Scalable design of fault tolerance for wireless sensor networks dissertation presented in partial ful llment of the requirements for the degree doctor of philosophy in the graduate school of the ohio state university by murat demirbas, m.
However, some attributes of sensor nodes neglected have the same decisive role in topology tolerance. The most of researches on fault tolerant topologies are concentrated on graphics structure properties. The chapter then analyzes the effectiveness of fault detection algorithms under conditions modeled from the real. This method divides the sensor network into a fault neighborhood, event and fault mixed neighborhood, event boundary neighborhood and other regions for anomaly detection, respectively, to achieve fault tolerance. Structural health monitoring shm systems are implemented for structures e. In order to make the presentation selfcontained, we start by providing a short summary of sensor networks and classical. The wireless sensor networks wsn represent a very promising domain. These design themes will guide the solution proposed in this paper to the problem of feature extraction. Introduction wireless sensor networks wsns are known for their wide use in industry, military, and. Faulttolerant algorithmsprotocols in wireless sensor networks. Energy efficient fault tolerant coverage in wireless.
Pdf a survey on fault tolerance techniques in wireless sensor. Pdf wireless sensor network wsn has become closer to our daytoday life and has boundless future potentials. Faulttolerant clustering of wireless sensor networks. Pdf faulttolerant techniques for wireless sensor networka. Fault tolerance in zigbee wireless sensor networks richard alena, ray gilstrap, jarren baldwin, thom stone, pete wilson nasa ames research center moffett field, ca 94035 6506040262 richard. Besides steps that increase reliability of data and resources of the network, the topology structure. The primary objective of the fault tolerant technique is to enhance the robustness and selfhealing capacity of sensor network. Network management is the most important factor in network operation and efficiency.
In this paper, we propose a fault tolerant load balancing scheme ftlbs to increase fault tolerability. The sensor nodes include very small battery power and once the nodes are deployed they cannot be recharged or replaced. Abstract some wsn by a lot of immobile node and with the limited energy and without further. Adaptively faulttolerant topology control algorithm for. Therefore, fault tolerance is one of the critical issues in wsns. Fault tolerance by quartile method in wireless sensor and.
Fault tolerance in wireless sensor network using handoff. On fault tolerance, performance, and reliability for wireless. Scalable design of faulttolerance for wireless sensor networks dissertation presented in partial ful llment of the requirements for the degree doctor of philosophy in the graduate school of the ohio state university by murat demirbas, m. Related literature on virtualization in wsns explored resource optimization without. Abstractthe reliability of wireless sensor networks. A survey on communication link fault tolerance for. Target tracking, fault tolerance, gaussian mixture model, expectationmaximization, wireless sensor networks 1. Introduction and motivation wireless sensor networks wsns consist of spatially distributed autonomous sensor nodes that collaborate with each other to perform an application task. Wireless sensor network wsn is strongly affirmed as an indispensable technology that exploits sensor nodes sns key abilities sensing, processing and communication to achieve limitless remote sensing applications in many fields such as data.
We study how fault tolerance is addressed in different applications of wsns. From the perspective of distributed management task force, management should have fcaps features. Wireless sensor networks wsns have received significant attention in recent. Energy efficiency and fault tolerance are two of the major concerns in wireless sensor networks wsns for the target coverage. Fault tolerance in wireless sensor network semantic scholar.
Wireless sensor networks wsns are known for their wide use in industry, military, and environmental monitoring applications. Fault tolerance is the ability to maintain sensor networks functionalities without any interruption due to sensor nodes failure. It proposes a fault tolerance ft sensor node model consisting of duplex sensors i. Deploying wireless sensor networks with faulttolerance. Markov modelin ogf faulttolerant wireless senso networkr s. They are like any other system prone to failure due to limitation of resources. Deploying sensor networks with guaranteed fault tolerance. A survey on fault tolerance in small and large scale wireless. We explored redundancy and touched upon fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks. Communication in wireless sensor network in this technology, further developments have led to integration of sensors, radio communications and. Fault diagnosis and its prediction in wireless sensor.
Review paper on enhancement of least fault clustering protocol to. Deploying sensor networks with guaranteed fault tolerance jonathan l. A survey on fault tolerance in small and large scale wireless sensor networks. Pdf abstract fault tolerance is one of the critical issues in wireless sensor network wsn applications. In the fcaps word, the letter f stands for fault tolerance. Fault tolerance is one of the critical issues in wireless sensor network wsn applications. Fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks semantic scholar. Introduction wireless sensor network is one of the active field in network research. After that, we discuss the three phases of fault tolerance fault models, fault detection and identification and resiliency mechanisms at four levels of abstractions. Modeling and analysis of fault detection and fault tolerance. Fault tolerance of connectivity performance in cdmabased. Wireless sensor networks may be considered a subset of mobile adhoc networks manet. By the use of various types of structural and informational redundancy, such techniques either form a fault or. Wireless sensor networks wsns are becoming an enabling technology for shm applications that are more prevalent and more easily deployable than traditional wired networks.
A survey on fault tolerance in small and large scale. Abstract fault tolerance is one of the critical issues in wireless sensor network wsn applications. Keywords fault tolerance, wireless sensor networks, evolutionary games, natural. Wireless sensor networks wsns are becoming an enabling technology for shm applications that are.
A survey on communication link fault tolerance for wireless sensor networks john divakaran postgraduate student, department of computer science and engineering, ka runya university, india abstract. They can be used in a large variety of applications due to their easy deployment and. A survey on fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks can be. In data gathering wireless sensor networks, data loss often happens due to external faults such as random link faults and hazard node faults, since sensor nodes have constrained resources and are often deployed in inhospitable environments. We begin with a short introduction to some of the prior work in the area of wireless sensor networks, before. A survey on fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks. Index terms fault tolerance, reliability marko modeling,v, wireless senso networkr s. Pdf fault tolerance mechanisms for wireless sensor networks. Many research studies focus only on fault diagnosis, and comparatively limited studies have been conducted on fault diagnosis along with fault tolerance in sensor networks. A survey of fault tolerance methods in wireless sensor networks. Abstract wireless sensor networks wsn are useful for monitoring of physical conditions and passing the data gathered to the required location. Manasvi mannan et al fault tolerance in wireless sensor network 1786 international journal of current engineering and technology, vol. Therefore, fault detection is the most important phase to provide an optimal fault tolerance for wsns. Faulttolerant mechanism for wireless sensor network iet.
Fault management frameworks in wireless sensor networks. Distributed fault tolerance for event detection using heterogeneous wireless sensor networks elmoustapha ouldahmedvall and george f. A brief overview of zigbee technology is presented along with rf. Faulttolerant anomaly detection method in wireless sensor. Improved fault tolerance technique for wireless sensor. Wireless sensor networks wsns are known for their wide use in industry, military, and environmental monitoring applications 1.
Distributed faulttolerance for event detection using. The ohio state university 2004 dissertation committee. Markov modeling of faulttolerant wireless sensor networks. Faulttolerant relay node placement in heterogeneous.
Faulttolerant relay node placement in heterogeneous wireless. Wsn is affected by faults that may occur due to various reasons such as malfunctioning hardware. Wireless sensor networks wsn based on the ieee 802. Deploying wireless sensor networks with fault tolerance for structural health monitoring abstract. Modeling and analysis of fault detection and fault. However, the different solutions presented in this survey are not only intended to mechanisms dedicated to fault tolerance, but they also.
Therefore, fault tolerance becomes a critical issue for wsns. In this chapter, we address fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks. In the multihops routing protocols of wireless sensor and actor networks, wsans, designing a fault tolerance mechanism is still an important issue, since sensors and communication links arc. Deploying wireless sensor networks with faulttolerance for.
1333 46 440 1122 13 382 685 157 902 1176 945 1119 1576 176 1348 482 1470 937 440 1005 1177 1053 734 1326 1167 1275 631 1354 1014 1346 1315 318 5